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I have an 02 Kia Spectra.  When it recently started showing signs of trouble I took into an auto store to see what codes if any we're detected.  It showed the following codes.

P1403 leak detection module solenoid valve circuit fault
probable cause
open or short circuit condition
failed leak detection solenoid valve

P0734 4th gear incorrect ratio
probable cause
low transmission fluid level
failed transfer drive gear or driven gear
failed underdrive clutch retainer
internal transmission failure

I checked fluid with car running and it appeared full but I could have mistakengly read.  I know that the fluid is black or almost black and as the previous owner did not maintain the car I'm sure the transmission is need of a flush and filter.

What does the code mean for my solenoid valve?  Could it just be clogged and in need of cleaning?  
Are their any signs I should be seeing or hearing if the valve is bad?
What does the incorrect gear ratio code mean & what would be causing the code?  

The P1403 code has to do with your EGR system {exhaust gas recirculation} that does not affect the transmission. The 4th gear ratio error code means that the computer is not sensing the correct transmission output in relation to the input in 4th gear. In most cases it means 4th gear is slipping. The black trans fluid would confirm that 4th {at least} is burnt. Don't waste your money on a flush you need a trans.  

The fluid condition is the best indicator......meaning black is no good!!  The computer cannot blame clutch packs or bands...it can only blame the solenoid that is responsible for the application of said clutches or bands.

Do not waste your money on a transmission flush and/or filter change....sounds to me that the tranny has internal problems and a fluid change at this point in time would do more harm than good.  And for heavens sake.....DO NOT put a used one in it....it will cost you more in the long run!!  

The computer sets a "gear ratio error" code when the output shaft speed does not correlate properly  with input shaft speed. It usually means a component is slipping or that the shift took to long from start to finish.